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1. Celsius (°C):

The Celsius scale is a metric temperature scale that is commonly used around the world (except in the U.S.). It is based on the freezing and boiling points of water:

• 0°C is the freezing point of water (when water turns into ice).
• 100°C is the boiling point of water (when water turns into steam).

The Celsius scale is used in most countries for everyday temperature measurements, especially in science and weather reports.

How does Celsius work?

Celsius divides the temperature range between freezing and boiling into 100 equal parts. So, each degree Celsius represents one part of that 100-part scale. Here’s a quick summary of some important temperatures in Celsius:

• 0°C: Freezing point of water.
• 25°C: Room temperature (comfortable indoor temperature).
• 37°C: Normal human body temperature.
• 100°C: Boiling point of water.

2. Fahrenheit (°F):

The Fahrenheit scale is used primarily in the United States and some other places. It is based on different reference points compared to Celsius:

• 32°F is the freezing point of water (when water turns into ice).
• 212°F is the boiling point of water (when water turns into steam).

The Fahrenheit scale has 180 degrees between freezing and boiling (compared to 100 degrees in Celsius), so each degree Fahrenheit is a smaller unit of temperature compared to Celsius.

How does Fahrenheit work?

The Fahrenheit scale divides the range between freezing and boiling water into 180 equal parts. Here’s a quick summary of some important temperatures in Fahrenheit:

• 32°F: Freezing point of water.
• 68°F: Room temperature (comfortable indoor temperature).
• 98.6°F: Normal human body temperature.
• 212°F: Boiling point of water.

Key Differences Between Celsius and Fahrenheit:

• Freezing Point:
  • Celsius: 0°C.
  • Fahrenheit: 32°F.
• Boiling Point:
  • Celsius: 100°C.
  • Fahrenheit: 212°F.
• Scale Divisions:
  • Celsius: The temperature range between freezing and boiling water is divided into 100 parts.
  • Fahrenheit: The same range (from freezing to boiling water) is divided into 180 parts.

Converting Between Celsius and Fahrenheit:

To convert between Celsius and Fahrenheit, you can use these formulas:

Celsius to Fahrenheit:

 

$$F = frac{9}{5} times C + 32$$

 

Where F is the temperature in Fahrenheit and C is the temperature in Celsius.

Fahrenheit to Celsius:

 

$$C = frac{5}{9} times (F – 32)$$

 

Where C is the temperature in Celsius and F is the temperature in Fahrenheit.

Example Conversions:

• 25°C to Fahrenheit: 

  $$F = frac{9}{5} times 25 + 32 = 77°F$$ 

• 77°F to Celsius: 

  $$C = frac{5}{9} times (77 – 32) = 25°C$$ 

In Summary:

• Celsius is used globally and is based on the freezing and boiling points of water, with 0°C being the freezing point and 100°C the boiling point.
• Fahrenheit is mainly used in the United States, and the freezing point is 32°F while the boiling point is 212°F.
• The Celsius scale has 100 degrees between freezing and boiling, while the Fahrenheit scale has 180 degrees between those points.
• You can convert between Celsius and Fahrenheit using the formulas mentioned above.

 

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